Feathers in Pre-Columbian Art of Mexico and Peru were used to create exquisite adornments for nobles, fancy textiles and more. The Chimú produced excellent portrait and decorative works in metal, notably gold but especially silver. Maya royalty commissioned artwork that commemorated their achievements and secured their place in time. to the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 and subsequent European conquests of the early 16th century. The Wari Culture was a Middle Horizon Civilization located 6.8 miles ( 11.0 km ) North-East of the modern city of Ayacucho. The highly impressive artistic works of these native peoples ranged from monumental stone temples to extremely. ed. Probably the most famous featherwork is a headdress from Mexico known as the Penacho of Moctezuma II. Kubler, George, ed. Painting was a relatively widespread, popular and diverse means of communication and expression for both religious and utilitarian purpose throughout the regions of the Western Hemisphere. Collecting Pre Columbian Art; Sale Items; Vera Cruz Stone Carved Effigy Yoke. In the central Peruvian Andes, the Chavín civilization flourished from around 1000 BCE to 300 BCE. The Nazca period is divided into eight ceramic phases, each one depicting increasingly abstract animal and human motifs. Howard Nowes - 8/26/2008. At the time of the Spanish conquest, the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu in Quechua, the "Land of the Four Quarters") was the largest and wealthiest empire in the world, and this was depicted in their art. Thieves stole 140 priceless Mayan, Aztec and other artifacts from Mexico's world-famous National Museum of Anthropology on Christmas Eve in the biggest heist ever of pre-Columbian art … The Chavin culture is also noted for the spectacular murals and carvings found its main religious site of Chavín de Huantar; these works include the Raimondi Stele, the Lanzón, and the Tello Obelisk. Sculpture, ceramics, metals, stone works, textiles, and objects created by the indigenous peoples of the Americas up to the arrival of Columbus and into the 15th and 16th centuries. Moreover, The Mesoamerican cultures are generally divided into three periods (see Mesoamerican chronology): The Pre-classic period was dominated by the highly developed Olmec civilization, which flourished around 1200–400 BCE. 11450. It was found in a tomb at Monte Albán, Mixtec pectoral of gold and turquoise, Shield of Yanhuitlan, Serpent labret with articulated tongue, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Codex Borgia page 56, showing to Mictlāntēcutli and Quetzalcoatl. Pre-Columbian Art Collections - Into the Mind of the Collector. The Chimú were preceded by a simple ceramic style known as Sicán (700–900 CE) which became increasingly decorative until it became recognizable as Chimú in the early second millennium. 12855. An Illustrated Dictionary of The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya. [5], Feathered serpent sculpture in Teotihuacan, Zapotec mosaic mask that represents a Bat god, made of 25 pieces of jade, with yellow eyes made of shell. Peruvian cultures, including the Chavín, Moche, Nasca, Wari, Chancay, Chimu, and Inca are well represented by ceramics, metalwork, textiles, and carved bone and wood. The Wari produced magnificent large ceramics, many of which depicted images of the Staff God, an important deity in the Andes which during the Wari period had become specifically associated with the Lake Titicaca region on the modern Peru-Bolivia border. Framed: 28.25" x 22.25", 30" x 45" These artefacts, all fashioned before European colonisation, represent some of the most awe inspiring creations of the indigenous South American people. These cultures produced a wide variety of visual arts, including painting on textiles, hides, rock and cave surfaces, bodies especially faces, ceramics, architectural features including interior murals, wood panels, and other available surfaces. The Chavin culture is also noted for the spectacular murals and carvings found its main religious site of Chavín de Huantar; these works include the Raimondi Stele, the Lanzón, and the Tello Obelisk. Jul 27, 2020 - Explore Jim Morton's board "Pre-Columbian Artwork" on Pinterest. The Chavín produced small-scale pottery, often human in shape but with animal features such as bird feet, reptilian eyes, or feline fangs. See more ideas about Aztec art, Mayan art, Mesoamerican. "Aztec") divinatory manuscript, also known as Codex Cospi, represents a rare example of a pre-Columbian "book." The Chimú are best known for their magnificent palatial complex of Chan Chan just south of modern-day Trujillo, Peru; now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Framed: 31.5" x 46.5", 45" x 30" London: Thames and Hudson, 1996. Following the decline of the Wari Empire in the late first millennium, the Chimú people, centered out of their capital city of Chimor began to build their empire on the north and central coasts of Peru. The Mesoamerican tradition of building large ceremonial centres appears to have begun under the Olmecs. The Aztec culture in Mexico produced some dramatically expressive artworks, such as the decorated skulls of captives and stone sculpture, of which Tlazolteotl (Woods Bliss Collection, Washington), a goddess in childbirth, is a good example. Sculpture, ceramics, metals, stone works, textiles, and objects created by the indigenous peoples of the Americas up to the arrival of Columbus and into the 15th and 16th centuries. NEW YORK – Pre-Columbian art is a collective term that describes the architecture, art and crafts of the native peoples of North, South and Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean dating from the second millennium B.C. Role of war. Tolima Gold Zoomorphic Transformation Figure. x 46.5" Framed: 31.5" x ", 7.5" x 2.5" Framed: 46.5" x 31.5", 20" x 30" Miller, Mary, and Karl Taube. The pre-Columbian civilizations were extraordinary developments in human society and culture, ranking with the early civilizations of Egypt, … The Moche made ceramic vessels that depicted and re-created a plethora of objects: fruits, plants, animals, human portraits, gods, demons, as well as graphic depictions of sexual acts. [1] Various works of art have been discovered large distances from their location of production, indicating that many Pre-Columbian civilizations interacted amongst each other. From shop FolkloricBeans. (Image: CC BY 3.0) The recent article, co-authored by STRI staff archaeologist Richard Cooke, was published in Latin American Antiquity. On the south coast, the Paracas were immediately succeeded by a flowering of artistic production around the Nazca river valley. These amazing productions, some of which could measure ninety feet long, were primarily used for as burial wraps for Paracas mummy bundles. In the central Peruvian Andes, the Chavín civilization flourished from around 1000 BCE to 300 BCE. Price on Request. The arts that were dominant in the pre-Columbian era—including weaving, pottery, metalworking, lapidary, featherwork, and mosaic (see Native American arts)—continued to be practiced unaltered in these areas in the postcolonial era. Unlocking this hieroglyphic text is vital as it removes anonymity and mystery from the scenes and reveals detailed records of those who held power throughout the timeline of the civilization. This is a Pre-Columbian WARI / HUARI Polychrome Anthropomorphic KERO from Peru, 500 - 1000 C.E. Contemporary with the Chavín was the Paracas culture of the southern coast of Peru, most noted today for their elaborate textiles. Framed: 41" x 61", 60" x 40" The Nasca people are most famous for the Nazca Lines, though they are usually regarded as making some of the most beautiful polychrome ceramics in the Andes. During the early years of the colonization of the Americas, Europeans. She attended the Art Students League in 1929 and 1930, then traveled to Munich to study with Hans Hofmann. x 61" Framed: 41" x ", 30" x 45" x 31" Framed: 46" x ", 20" x 30" The Mesoamerican cultures are traditionally divided into three time periods, running from 1200-1580, as follows: Pre-classic (c.1200-200 CE) This era was dominated by the Olmec civilization, which flourished about 1200-400 BCE. Pre-Columbian art thrived throughout the Americas from at least 13,000 BCE to the European conquests, and sometimes continued for a time afterwards. Inca tunics and textiles contained similar motifs, often checkerboard patterns reserved for the Inca elite and the Inca army. The Chavín produced small-scale pottery, often human in shape but with animal features such as bird feet, reptilian eyes, or feline fangs. The British Museum exhibition presents around 300 ancient gold objects from Colombia’s Museo del Oro, the world’s leading collection of Pre-Columbian art, and from their own impressive holdings. Most Inca sculpture was melted down by the invading Spanish, so most of what remains today is in the form of architecture, textiles, and ceramics. Especially famous is the Gate of the Sun, which depicts a large image of the Staff God flanked by other religious symbols which may have functioned as a calendar. It is 6" long and has four holes on the top and one on the bottom. Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus was the first full-length, non-religious … Pre-Columbian art in the Art Institute of Chicago. Many Pre-Columbian cultures did not have writing systems, so visual art expressed cosmologies, world views, religion, and philosophy of these cultures, as well as serving as mnemonic devices. From 17th-century Spanish painter Diego Velázquez, who used brushstrokes reminiscent of 19th-century Impressionist painters, to trailblazer Jean-Michel Basquiat, who brought graffiti into the gallery, these artists set trends rather than follow tradition. Peyton Wright’s collection features many regions and a diverse array of cultures including Olmec, Colima, Mixtec, Jalisco, Nayarit, Inca, Chavin, Maya, Marajoara and many others. Vessels of this type were used for ritual consumption of chicha, corn beer. Fine Nayarit Pottery Seated Couple. Even without mortar, Inca buildings still stand today; they form many of the foundations for even modern-day buildings in Cusco and the surrounding area. A Pre-Columbian Tairona gold nose ornament in the form of a stylized butterfly with spiral and herringbone patterns. In the north, the Wari (or Huari) Empire, based in their capital city of the same name. The Wari are noted for their stone architecture and sculpture accomplishments, but their greatest proficiency was ceramic. The museum's largest collections are in the areas of Native American art, Pre-Columbian art, Asian art, art of the Pacific, art of Africa and Orange County history. Cueva de las Manos located in Argentina. Miller, Mary Ellen. These works were donated from 1935 to the present and represent many regions and cultures of the world. [2] Unfortunately, many of the perishable surfaces, such as woven textiles, typically have not been preserved, but Precolumbian painting on ceramics, walls, and rocks have survived more frequently. The Incas produced thousand of large stone structures, among them forts, temples, and palaces, even though the Inca Empire lasted for only 95 years. The Bowers Museum holds in its collection more than 91,000 works of art. The art in the cave dates between 13,000–9,000 BP, Feather headdress of the Amazonic cultures, CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Visual arts by indigenous peoples of the Americas, Painting in the Americas before European colonization, A Virtual Reality Tour of Pre Columbian Art, Olmec, Toltec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec, Mixtec, Mayan, and Aztec art, Portal:Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pre-Columbian_art&oldid=977108161, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 September 2020, at 00:23. Chorrera, Bahia, Tolima, and Manteño style ceramic figures and vessels were manufactured in ancient Ecuador. The Olmec “wrestler” in basalt, between 1500-400 BC (National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico), one of the most famous pieces of pre-Columbian art in Mexico. The Teotihuacán, Zapotec, and Mixtec cultures also built pyramid temples. The interpretation of the actions represented in the artwork goes hand in hand with understanding the decorative text that is woven into the picture. Because it was the "first" Pre-Columbian culture of the region and venerated by, as well as influenced so many later Pre-Columbian civilizations, objects from the Olmec enigmatic civilization are highly prized amongst seasoned collectors. The Inca valued gold among all other metals, and equated it with the sun god Inti. pre-Columbian art and architecture Arts of Mexico, Central America, and the Andean region of South America before colonization. The Aztecs believed these eagle warriors showed the value of youthful beauty, this can be seen in the sculpture with the Warriors young and soft features of his face. Framed: 60" x 65", 20" x 30" [3] Scenes depicting various rituals and historical events are embedded with hieroglyphic text to enable the viewer to identify the important figures, times and places instead of relying upon physical features that could be forgotten over time. Framed: 21.5" x 31.5", 30" x 20" Today, due to the unpopularity of abstract art and the lack of Inca gold and silver sculpture, the Inca are best known for the architecture – specifically the complex of Machu Picchu just northwest of Cusco. Mayan art consequently focuses on rain, agriculture, and fertility, expressing these images mainly in relief and surface decoration, as well as some sculpture. refined and original goldwork. Painting in the Americas before European colonization is the Precolumbian painting traditions of the Americas. Artisans of the Ancient Americas drew upon a wide range of materials (obsidian, gold, spondylus shells), creating objects that included the meanings held to be inherent to the materials. For many of these cultures, the visual arts went beyond physical appearance and served as active extensions of their owners and indices of the divine. For example, the Eagle Warrior statues are life-sized ceramic sculptures that show this sense of naturalism. Ancient Colombian ceramics and gold include Calima, Popayan and Tairona. For the Moche, ceramics functioned as a primary way of disseminating information and cultural ideas. Peyton Wright’s collection features many regions and a diverse array of cultures including Olmec, Colima, Mixtec, Jalisco, Nayarit, Inca, Chavin, Maya, Marajoara and many others. These regions were nevertheless indirectly influenced by the arrival of Europeans through the spread of diseases to which the natives had no resistance, the movement of … During the period before and after European exploration and settlement of the Americas; including … Price on Request. Including the creations of the Maya, the Aztecs, the Inca, and Native North Americans, Pre-Columbian Art is a broad category that encompasses the art of indigenous people of North, Central, and South America and the Caribbean prior to the arrival of the Spanish at the beginning of the 16th century. Pre-Columbian civilizations, the aboriginal American Indian cultures that evolved in Mesoamerica (part of Mexico and Central America) and the Andean region (western South America) prior to Spanish exploration and conquest in the 16th century. But one display near the start explains how Meso-American cities were designed to evoke nature -- … Paracas art was greatly influenced by the Chavín cult, and the two styles share many common motifs. Physical strength was another characteristic of the life of pre-Columbian cultures. Pre-Columbian Art. Tiwanaku is currently known for its magnificent imperial city on the southern side of Lake Titicaca, now in modern-day Bolivia. The Nahuan (i.e. Pre-Columbian cultural pieces can also be found in the Archaeological Museum Casa del Marqués de San Jorge and the National Museum in Bogotá, the Quimbaya Culture Museum in Armenia, the Tayrona Culture Museum in Santa Marta, and the Sinú Culture Museum in Cartagena. ANCIENT ASTRONAUT ALIENS? Framed: 31.5" x 21.5", 13.75" x 20.75" It measures about 5 1/2" X 5 1/2" X 6" ( 14.0 cm X 14.0 cm X 15.3 cm ). Murals dating from about 750 CE were discovered when the city of Bonampak was excavated in 1946. The Mixtecs developed a style of painting known as Mixtec-Puebla, as seen in their murals and codices (manuscripts), in which all available space is covered by flat figures in geometric designs. (Pre-Columbian art spans 3,000 years and vast territory.) The Olmecs produced jade figurines, and created heavy-featured, colossal heads, up to 2 meters (6.6 ft) high, that still stand mysteriously in the landscape. [4] Like the Mississippian peoples of North America such as the Choctaw and Natchez, the Maya organized themselves into large, agricultural communities. Pre-Columbian art refers to the visual arts of indigenous peoples of the Caribbean, North, Central, and South Americas until the late 15th and early 16th centuries, and the time period marked by Christopher Columbus' arrival in the Americas. Timeline of Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican Art. Representations of jaguar are a common theme in Chavín art. Men … Pre-Columbian. 11211. The Moche flourished about 100–800 CE, and were among the best artisans of the Pre-Columbian world, producing delightful portrait vases (Moche ware), which, while realistic, are steeped in religious references, the significance of which is now lost. The Chimú also are noted for their featherwork, having produced many standards and headdresses made of a variety of tropical feathers which were fashioned into bired and fish designs, both of which were held in high esteem by the Chimú. In the Maya period, beginning c.ad 200, many cities or ceremonial centres were built in Central America. Inca ceramics were primarily large vessels covered in geometric designs. It comes from Uxpanapan, south of the state of Veracruz, and is particular because it reflects a concern for the beauty of the human body, an uncommon subject to the art of ancient Mexico. Colombian folkloric Magnets hand painted , Artesian colombian Art, handmade fridge magnets, Toucan magnet, Chiva colombiana, vallenato, COL FolkloricBeans. Glyphs and stylized figures were used to decorate architecture such as the pyramid temple of Chichén Itzá. Moche Vessel: Hand with Clenched Fist A Pre-Columbian Moche pottery vessel in the form of a hand with a clenched fist representing a mountain range. Framed: 22.25" x 28.25", 20.75" x 13.75" These period range from Phase 1, beginning around 200 CE, to Phase 8, which declined in the middle of the eighth century. [1] As spirituality was very prevalent among pre-columbian cultures, themes of the deities and ritual worship were often the subjects of artwork. This pre-Columbian Chancay bone flute is from the central coast area of Peru, 800AD-1200AD. Frog pendant found on Playa Venado.(500-1000AD). The Chimú went into decline very quickly due to outside pressures and conquest from the expanding Inca Empire in the mid-15th century. Rare Tlatilco … Tiwanaku's empire began to expand out of Titicaca around 400 BCE, but its "Classic Period" of artistic production and political power occurred between 375 and 700 CE. Framed: 21" x 31", 30" x 45" Pre-Columbian Art of Mexico and Central America. New Haven: Yale University Art Gallery, 1986. Most Inca art, however, was abstract in nature. On the north coast, the Moche succeeded the Chavín. The Moche are also noted for their metallurgy (such as that found in the tomb of the Lord of Sipán), as well as their architectural prowess, such as the Huaca de la Luna and the Huaca del Sol in the Moche River valley. Similarly, the Wari's contemporaries of the Tiwanaku empire, also centered around a capital city of the same name, held the Staff God in similar esteem. Representations of jaguar are a common theme in Chavín art. These stones were cut with such precision that the Incas did not need to make use of mortar to hold their buildings together. Some, like Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco, specialized in murals and, in the process, have helped the public connect with their roots. Following the decline of the Moche, two large co-existing empires emerged in the Andes region. The Post-classic period (10th–12th centuries) was dominated by the Toltecs who made colossal, block-like sculptures such as those employed as free-standing columns at Tula, Mexico. Some Inca buildings in the capital of Cusco were literally covered in gold, and most contained many gold and silver sculptures. were confronted with flourishing civilizations that revealed a very advanced level of cultural development. 57" x 62" In creating their art, Aztecs also were interested in naturalism, as making something life-like better conveyed their message through the artwork. During the Classic period the dominant Civilization was the Maya. Sandro Botticelli, , 1484–1486. The Olmecs created jade figurines, and carved colossal heads up to 8 feet high. Two years later she was working as an assistant to Diego Rivera, who introduced her to pre-Columbian art; her first solo show in 1941 featured terra cotta and They practised their own forms of hieroglyphic writing and even advanced astronomy. Inca architecture makes use of large stone blocks, each one cut specifically to fit around the other blocks in a wall. x 21.5" Framed: 31.5" x ", 45" x 30" Framed: 31" x 46", 40" x 60" many societies used raw materials not available in the geographic location in which they were situated, suggesting difficulty of acquisition as a source of value. It can be seen in the Museum of Ethnology, Vienna. ULTRA RARE PRE-COLUMBIAN OLMEC CARVED OYSTER SHELL PENDANT *PC113. The Art of Mesoamerica: From Olmec to Aztec, rev. Price on Request. Aztec art, similar to other Mesoamerican cultures also focused on deity worship and portraying values in their society. x 3" Framed: 3" x ", Archaic Mask pre-columbian objects Bronze, Set of Three Tupus pre-columbian jewelry Silver alloy, Ancestral Figure pre-columbian sculpture Sandstone (Caliche), Parrot Vessel pre-columbian sculpture Earthenware with colored slips, Cylinder Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Earthenware with colored slips, Group of Celts and Figures pre-columbian ceremonial-objects Jade, Monkey Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Earthenware with colored slips, Standing Warrior Figure pre-columbian ceramics Earthenware, Ponchito pre-columbian textile Camelid wool with natural dyes, Transitional Tenon pre-columbian sculpture stone Stone, Camazotz (Bat Diety) pre-columbian ceremonial-objects sculpture, Sonriente Head pre-columbian ceramics terracotta, Tarascan Coyote Throne pre-columbian sculpture Black basalt, Urn Head pre-columbian ceramics ceremonial-objects Polychrome terracotta, Jaguar/Snake Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Effigy Head pre-columbian sculpture Carved wood with cinnabar on a custom base, Jaguar Palma pre-columbian sculpture Stone, Yoke of a Poncho pre-columbian textile Camelid Wool and Natural Dyes, Jade Objects pre-columbian ceremonial-objects Jade, Man Playing Flute Cup Holder pre-columbian miscellaneous hand-carved wood, natural pigm, Mayan Cylinder pre-columbian ceramics terracotta, Zotz Rattle Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Terra cotta, Head of a Dignitary pre-columbian non-devotional-objects sculpture Basalt, Cylinder with Dignitary Scene pre-columbian ceramics earthenware with colored slips, Bowl pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta and Polychrome, Female Figure pre-columbian ceramics fired ceramic, Tie-Dyed Mantle pre-columbian textile Cotton and natural dyes, Tie-Dyed Checkerboard Cushma pre-columbian textile, Mezcala Mask pre-columbian ceremonial-objects Stone, Manteño, Incensario (Manabi) pre-columbian ceramics terracotta, Seated Female Figure pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Seated Hunchback Figure pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Seated Figure pre-columbian sculpture Terra-Cotta, Seated Male Figure pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Moche Feline Figure pre-columbian miscellaneous hand-carved wood, natural pigments, Dog Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Seated Male Figure pre-columbian sculpture Terra-Cotta, Ball Player pre-columbian sculpture Terra-Cotta, Incised Vessel pre-columbian ceramics Terra-Cotta, Palenque William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Palenque Palace William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Tikal Altar William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Yaxchilan William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Chunyaxnic William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Mayapan, Temple of Kukulkan William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Seibal Stela William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Tikal Templo 5 C-49 William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Hochob, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Chicanna, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Tonina, Chiapas, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Sacbe, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Sayil Sur, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Tantah, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Becan, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Calakmul, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide, ed 6, Edzna, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Kohunlich, Quintana Roo, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Kabah, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Pixoy, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Sayil Sur, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Mayapan, Temple of Kukulkan & Redondo William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Dsibiltun William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography archival chromogenic silver halide print, ed 6, Balache, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Labna, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Huntichmul, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Xkankabil, Campeche, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Xkankabil, Campeche Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Ink Jet Print printed on Epson Exhibition Fiber Paper, ed 6, Palenque, Chiapas, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Yaxchilan, Chiapas, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Santa Rosa Xtampak William Frejmodernism contemporary pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Chuncatzim, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Xkichmook, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Sabacche, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Chunchucmil, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Uxmal, Yucatan, Mexico William Frejmodernism pre-columbian photography Archival Chromogenic Silver Halide Print, ed 6, Monkey Figure pre-columbian sculpture andesite, Tie-dyed Checkerboard Cushma pre-columbian textile Cotton with natural dyes, Half Cushma pre-columbian textile Camelid wool, natural dyes, Owl Effigy Pipe native-american pre-columbian ceremonial-objects Stone, Standing Warrior Figure pre-columbian sculpture terra cotta, Female Figure pre-columbian ceramics Terra cotta, Female Figure pre-columbian sculpture terra cotta, Seated Shaman pre-columbian sculpture Ceramic, Standing Warrior Figure pre-columbian ceramics Earthenware with colored slips, Colonial Kero spanish-colonial pre-columbian objects Wood, pigment, Mantle pre-columbian textile Cotton and natural dyes, Toucan Staff Finial pre-columbian ceremonial-objects metals Bronze, Pectoral pre-columbian metals Gold and silver, Mantle pre-columbian textile Camelid wool with natural dyes, Chuspa pre-columbian textile Camelid wool with natural dyes, Tunic Fragment pre-columbian textile Cotton and Alpaca Wool, Ponchito pre-columbian textile Camelid Wool and Natural Dyes, Quetzalcoatl pre-columbian sculpture Carved basalt, Olmec Figure pre-columbian sculpture Greenstone, Yoke pre-columbian ceremonial-objects Jadeite, Cipactli (Head of a Caiman) pre-columbian sculpture Stone, Ocelot (Ocelotl) pre-columbian sculpture sculpture-furniture-objects Carved basalt, Rare medium urn with opposing faces pre-columbian ceramics fired clay, Mantle pre-columbian textile Camelid wool, natural dyes, Hacha pre-columbian ceremonial-objects basalt, Ixtlan del Rio Ball Player pre-columbian sculpture Earthenware with colored slips, Lambayeque Silver Mask pre-columbian metals silver, Vessel with Faces pre-columbian ceramics fired clay. 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