hebrews 9 commentary

The sprinkling of the tabernacle with blood is added by inspiration here to the account in Exodus 30:25-30 , Exodus 40:9 Exodus 40:10 , which mentions only Moses' anointing the tabernacle and its vessels. English Version has confounded three distinct Greek verbs, by translating all alike, Hebrews 9:24 Hebrews 9:26 Hebrews 9:28, "appear." He "through the eternal Spirit," that is, His divine Spirit ( Romans 1:4 , in contrast to His "flesh," Hebrews 9:3 ; His Godhead, 1 Timothy 3:16 , 1 Peter 3:18 ), "His inner personality" [ALFORD], which gave a free consent to the act, offered Himself. On the truth here, compare Leviticus 5:11-13 , an exception because of poverty, confirming the general rule. now--as the case is, once--for all; without need of renewal. heavenly things themselves--the archetypes. . redemption of . good things to come--Greek, "the good things to come," Hebrews 10:1 ; "better promises," ( Hebrews 8:6 ; the "eternal inheritance," Hebrews 9:15 , 1 Peter 1:4 ; the "things hoped for," Hebrews 11:1 ). living God--therefore requiring living spiritual service ( John 4:24 ). The Jewish tabernacle and its utensils. calves--not a bullock, such as the Levitical high priest offered for himself, and a goat for the people, on the day of atonement ( Leviticus 16:6 Leviticus 16:15 ), year by year, whence the plural is used, goats . He is the representative man; and there is a strict correspondence between the history of man and that of the Son of man. It, though but one, is manifold in its effects and applicability to many. Study Hebrews 9 using B. W. Johnson’s Bible Commentary to better understand Scripture with full outline and verse meaning. However, the content of the book, including the frequent references to the Hebrew Scriptures, makes it clear that he was writing to Jewish Christians who were sorely tempted to leave the Christian ", 3. They can only reach as far as the outward flesh (compare "carnal ordinances," Hebrews 9:10 Hebrews 9:13 Hebrews 9:14 ). the flesh--Their effect in themselves extended no further. For His blood, offered by Himself, purifies not only outwardly, as the Levitical sacrifices on the day of atonement, but inwardly unto the service of the living God ( Hebrews 9:13 Hebrews 9:14 ). Defining "the worldly tabernacle." tables of the covenant--( Deuteronomy 9:9 , 10:2 ). gifts--unbloody oblations. 7. once every year--the tenth day of the seventh month. High Priest," exactly answers to Leviticus 4:5 , "the priest that is anointed." which, &c.--"which (tabernacle) is called the holy place," as distinguished from "the Holy of Holies. The exceptions to all things being purified by blood are, Exodus 19:10 , Leviticus 15:5 , &c., Leviticus 16:26 Leviticus 16:28 , 22:6 , Numbers 31:22-24 . sin--singular number; all the sins of men of every age are regarded as one mass laid on Christ. There will follow, in 6:4-8, the third major warning passage of Hebrews and in 6:9-20, the writer lifts his readers to a new level of hope based upon the oath and promise of … Here is the faith and patience of the church, of all sincere believers. Hebrews 9:20 Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you. the book--namely, out of which he had read "every precept": the book of the testament or covenant. God never said that he would be the Father of an *angel. So justification is followed by renewing. Questions for Discussion and Thinking Further follow the verse-by-verse International Bible Lesson Commentary. This passage contains a couple of points to help us understand why Jesus Christ's death took place late on the afternoon of Abib 14, while the Passover was commanded to be observed at the beginning of that day. Therefore there remains (still unrealized in any rest that Israel then enjoyed) a sacred rest, a Sabbath-rest (the word is now changed), for the people of God. 0 thoughts on “ Hebrews 9:7-8: A Preterist Commentary ” Ron April 21, 2015 at 10:03 am. g. God also bearing witness: God does confirm His word with various miracles, and gifts of the Holy Spirit. Biblical Commentary (Bible Study) Hebrews 9:24-28 EXEGESIS: THE CONTEXT: The author identified neither himself nor the people to whom he was writing. [This is Week 4 of a 5-week preaching series on Hebrews.] Those taken in the rapture (1 Thessalonians 4:17) will never die once. If the blood of mere brutes could purify in any, however small a degree, how much more shall inward purification, and complete and eternal salvation, be wrought by the blood of Christ, in whom dwelt all the fulness of the Godhead? As no wisdom, learning, virtue, wealth, or power, can keep one of the human race from death, so nothing can deliver a sinner from being condemned at the day of judgment, except the atoning sacrifice of Christ; nor will one be saved from eternal punishment who despises or neglects this great salvation. Properly used of remitting a debt ( Matthew 6:12 , Matthew 18:27 Matthew 18:32 ); our sins are debts. as pertaining to the conscience--"in respect to the (moral-religious) consciousness." . a tabernacle--"the tabernacle." otherwise--"seeing that it is never availing" [ALFORD]. . Material, outward, perishing (however precious its materials were), and also defective religiously. sacrifices--The plural is used in expressing the general proposition, though strictly referring to the one sacrifice of Christ once for all. "If there had been greater efficacy in the repetition of the oblation, Christ necessarily would not have been so long promised, but would have been sent immediately after the foundation of the world to suffer, and offer Himself at successive periods" [GROTIUS]. The "first testament" thus includes the whole period from Adam to Christ, and not merely that of the covenant with Israel, which was a concentrated representation of the covenant made with (or the first testament given to) mankind by sacrifice, down from the fall to redemption. purge--purify from fear, guilt, alienation from Him, and selfishness, the source of dead works ( Hebrews 9:22 Hebrews 9:23 ). This is a common meaning of the Greek noun diathece. 5. over it--over "the ark of the covenant." This is obviously a place greater than anything human handscould make. Paul is contrasting the First Covenant with the Second or New Covenant. ordained--arranged. We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. The Shekinah, or cloud of glory, in which Jehovah appeared between the cherubim over the mercy seat, the lid of the ark, is doubtless the reference. the holiest of all--heaven, the antitype. It should not be confusing that the golden altar of incense is said to pertain to the Holy of Holies (Hebrews 9:4), because, situated as it was, so near to the entrance through the veil, it did indeed pertain to the most holy place of all, but it was not located within the holiest place but without in the holy place. He would always be king. INFERIORITY OF THE OLD TO THE NEW COVENANT IN THE MEANS OF ACCESS TO GOD: THE BLOOD OF BULLS AND GOATS OF NO REAL AVAIL: THE BLOOD OF CHRIST ALL-SUFFICIENT TO PURGE AWAY SIN, WHENCE FLOWS OUR HOPE OF HIS APPEARING AGAIN FOR OUR PERFECT SALVATION. calves. In Leviticus 8:10 Leviticus 8:15 Leviticus 8:30 , the sprinkling of blood upon Aaron and his garments. This cleanses the most guilty conscience from dead, or deadly, works to serve the living God; from sinful works, such as pollute the soul, as dead bodies did the persons of the Jews who touched them; while the grace that seals pardon, new-creates the polluted soul. Hebrews 8 could also be of interest: Jesus is the real “high priest”, in spiritual conflict with the priests of the temple, of the mosaic law! The pouring out of the blood on the altar is the main part of the sacrifice ( Leviticus 17:11 ), and it could not have place apart from the previous shedding of the blood in the slaying. drinks--( Leviticus 10:9 , 11:4 ). Hebrews 9:22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; … Heb. The Greek is forcible, "through THE blood of His own" (compare Hebrews 9:23 ). ii. called--as opposed to "the true.". Hebrews 9. Hebrews 9:14 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Hebrews 9:14, NIV: "How much more, then, will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself unblemished to God, cleanse our consciences from acts that lead to death, so that we may serve the living God!" His righteousness for the remission of sins that are past." In Matthew 26:28 two other requisites appear: witnesses, the disciples; and a seal, the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, the sign of His blood wherewith the testament is primarily sealed. Article Images Copyright © 2021 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. were--Greek, "are." John 1:29 , "Behold the Lamb of God that taketh away the sin (not merely the sins: singular, not plural) of the world." The depth of the mystery of the sacrifice of Christ, we cannot dive into, the height we cannot comprehend. Luke was Paul's companion, which accounts for the correspondence, as here too "is" has to be supplied. not . covenant . . They were of one piece with the mercy seat, even as the Church is one with Christ: their sole standing is on the blood-sprinkled mercy seat; they gaze down at it as the redeemed shall for ever; they are "the habitation of God through the Spirit." "The uncreated heaven of God, though in itself Untroubled light, yet needed a purification in so far as the light of love was obscured by the fire of wrath against sinful man" [DELITZSCH in ALFORD]. conscience--moral religious consciousness. blood of others--not his own, as Christ did. While it (the first tabernacle, and that which represents the Levitical system) as yet "has a standing" (so the Greek, that is, "has continuance": "lasts"), the way to heaven (the antitypical "holiest place") is not yet made manifest (compare Hebrews 10:19 Hebrews 10:20 ). Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers. Hebrews 2:9 Parallel Verses [⇓ See commentary ⇓] Hebrews 2:9, NIV: "But we do see Jesus, who was made lower than the angels for a little while, now crowned with glory and honor because he suffered death, so that by the grace of God he might taste death for everyone." And--Greek, "But." It was carried in Vespasian's triumph, and the figure is to be seen on Titus' arch at Rome. perfect--perfectly remove the sense of guilt, and sanctify inwardly through love. . Jesus is superior to *angels 1:6-9 They expressly say, Revelation 5:8-10 , "Thou hast redeemed us." The description of the Ark of the Covenant is something that most people don’t have a clue about as to its significance, what was contained in the ark, and the … Continue reading "Commentary on Hebrews 9:11-14" by--"through"; as the means of His approach. John MacArthur (The MacArthur New Testament Commentary, Hebrews [Moody Press], p. 221) points out that the Bible only devotes two chapters to the story of creation, but it gives about 50 chapters to the tabernacle. In our wilderness journey we are continually contracting defilement by contact with the spiritually dead, and with dead works, and need therefore continual application to the antitypical life-giving cleansing blood of Christ, whereby we are afresh restored to peace and living communion with God in the heavenly holy place. might--Greek, "may receive," which previously they could not ( Hebrews 11:39 Hebrews 11:40 ). In other passages, Paul clearly set himself on an equal level with the apostles and other eyewitnesses of Jesus (1 Corinthians 9:1 and 1 Corinthians 15:3-11). In its first room were the lampstand(C)and the table(D)with its consecrated bread;(E)this was called the Holy Place. A Bible Study in EasyEnglish (2800 word vocabulary) on the Book of Hebrews. So in the redemption-covenant, the death of Jesus symbolized the death of God (?) The thought of the former verses has been, “He chastens as a lather.”. The believer knows that his Redeemer liveth, and that he shall see him. transgressions . The apostle shows to the Hebrews the typical reference of their ceremonies to Christ. . The Levitical priests must therefore retire. This GOLDEN censer was only used on the day of atonement (other kinds of censers on other days), and is therefore associated with the holiest place, as being taken into it on that anniversary by the high priest. a worldly sanctuary--Greek, "its (literally, 'the') sanctuary worldly," mundane; consisting of the elements of the visible world. The rending of the veil by Christ has brought the antitypes to the altar, candlestick, and showbread of the anterior holy place into the holiest place, heaven. In accordance with the command given to Moses, "the first covenant had," &c. had--not "has," for as a covenant it no longer existed, though its rites were observed till the destruction of Jerusalem. once--and no more. 9:8,25; 13:11) and uses it for the inner or second part of the sacred tent called the Holy of Holies (cf. by--"through," as the means of His entrance; the key unlocking the heavenly Holy of Holies to Him. Also, it is "death," not "sacrifice" or "slaying." PHILO [The Creation of the World, p. 637], shows that the high priest of the Hebrews offered sacrifices for the whole human race. The Greek negative, "ou po," would deny the fact objectively; "me po" denies the thing subjectively. . according to the law--strictly adhering to every direction of "the law of commandments contained in ordinances" ( Ephesians 2:15 ). goats . Amplified: And, [His completed experience] making Him perfectly [equipped], He became the Author and Source of eternal salvation to all those who give heed and obey Him … The type is full of comfort for us. look for him--with waiting expectation even unto the end (so the Greek). ashes of an heifer--( Numbers 19:16-18 ). The saints shall hereafter see God's face in Christ ( Revelation 22:4 ): the earnest of which is now given ( 2 Corinthians 3:18 ). (A)2 A tabernacle(B)was set up. The Old Testament economy is represented by the holy place, the New Testament economy by the Holy of Holies. The tabernacle and its contents needed purification ( 2 Chronicles 29:21 ). 2 It is called the Holy Place. Paul implies that His one sacrifice, by its matchless excellency, is equivalent to the Levitical many sacrifices. . Biblical Commentary (Bible Study) Hebrews 9:11-14 EXEGESIS: THE CONTEXT: The author identified neither himself nor the people to whom he was writing. They might have known, as the law was clearly promulged, and they were bound to study it; so that their ignorance was culpable (compare Acts 3:17 , Ephesians 4:18 , 1 Peter 1:14 ). Chapter 9 The apostle, having declared the Old-Testament dispensation antiquated and vanishing away, proceeds to let the Hebrews see the correspondence there was between the Old Testament and the New; and that whatever was excellent in the Old was typical and representative of the New, which therefore must as far excel the Old as the substance does the shadow. So the Hebrews took these words to mean that God will be the Father of the *Messiah. The wool was also a symbol of purity ( Isaiah 1:18 ). 1. Proud member It was "through His most burning love, flowing from His eternal Spirit," that He offered Himself [OECOLAMPADIUS]. 3. signifying--by the typical exclusion of all from the holiest, save the high priest once a year. mercy seat--Greek, "the propitiatory": the golden cover of the ark, on which was sprinkled the blood of the propitiatory sacrifice on the day of atonement; the footstool of Jehovah, the meeting place of Him and His people. The two, or possibly more, entrances on that one day were regarded as parts of the one whole. 26. then--in that case. The Holy Ghost--Moses himself did not comprehend the typical meaning ( 1 Peter 1:11 1 Peter 1:12 ). "In," however, may be used here (as the corresponding Hebrew word) as to things attached to the ark as appendages, as the book of the law was put "in the side of the ark," and so the golden jewels offered by the Philistines ( 1 Samuel 6:8 ). . So not our righteousness, nor any other priest's sacrifice, but Christ alone atones; and as the high priest before offering incense had on common garments of a priest, but after it wore his holy garments of "glory and beauty" ( Exodus 28:2 Exodus 28:40 ) in entering the holiest, so Christ entered the heavenly holiest in His glorified body. The translation of sins on the victim usual in other expiatory sacrifices being omitted in the case of the slain goat, but employed in the case of the goat sent away, proved the two goats were regarded as one offering [ARCHBISHOP MAGEE]. Hence BENGEL translates, "And (having taken) the book itself (so Exodus 24:7 ), he both sprinkled all the people, and ( Hebrews 9:21 ) moreover sprinkled the tabernacle." It was Christ's offering himself without any sinful stain in his nature or life. They leave guilt upon the conscience, not to be washed away but by the blood of Christ. The expressions "before the Lord" ( Exodus 16:32 ), and "before the testimony" ( Numbers 17:10 ) thus mean, "IN the ark." In the outer holy place: so the Eucharist continues until our entrance into the heavenly Holy of Holies ( 1 Corinthians 11:26 ). The table of shittim wood, covered with gold, was for the showbread ( Exodus 25:23-30 ). As in Hebrews 9:24 , Paul said, it was not into the typical, but the true sanctuary, that Christ is entered; so now he says, that His sacrifice needs not, as the Levitical sacrifices did, to be repeated. The purification of the flesh (the mere outward man) was by "sprinkling"; the washing followed by inseparable connection ( Numbers 19:19 ). This sense (testament) of the Greek "diathece" here does not exclude its other secondary senses in the other passages of the New Testament: (1) a covenant between two parties; (2) an arrangement, or disposition, made by God alone in relation to us. . However, the content of the book, including the frequent references to the Hebrew Scriptures, makes it clear … Compare "better," Hebrews 9:23 . Sin would still have been upon us, and have had dominion over us; but Jesus Christ, by one sacrifice, has destroyed the works of the devil, that believers may be made righteous, holy, and happy. your--The oldest manuscripts read "our." Christ, having undertaken to be our High Priest, could not enter into heaven till he had shed his blood for us; and none of us can enter, either into God's gracious presence here, or his glorious presence hereafter, but by the blood of Jesus. A. Besides the goat offered for the people the blood of which was sprinkled before the mercy seat, the high priest led forth a second goat, namely, the scapegoat; over it he confessed the people's sins, putting them on the head of the goat, which was sent as the sin-bearer into the wilderness out of sight, implying that the atonement effected by the goat sin offering (of which the ceremony of the scapegoat is a part, and not distinct from the sin offering) consisted in the transfer of the people's sins on the goat, and their consequent removal out of sight. As the Jewish high priest passed through the anterior tabernacle into the holiest place, so Christ passed through heaven into the inner abode of the unseen and unapproachable God. after this the judgment--namely, at Christ's appearing, to which, in Hebrews 9:28 , "judgment" in this verse is parallel. Compare Hebrews 9:23 , which shows that there is something antitypical to the Bible in heaven itself (compare Revelation 20:12 ). always--twice at the least every day, for the morning and evening care of the lamps, and offering of incense ( Exodus 30:7 Exodus 30:8 ). with--literally, "in." with water--prescribed, though not in the twenty-fourth chapter of Exodus, yet in other purifications; for example, of the leper, and the water of separation which contained the ashes of the red heifer. . 6. 3 And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all; many--not opposed to all, but to few. . But the expression is not "there must be the death of both parties making the covenant," but singular, "of Him who made (aorist, past time; not 'of Him making') the testament." And Paul, by the term "testament," does not mean aught save one having conditions attached to it, one which is at the same time a covenant [POLI, Synopsis]; the conditions are fulfilled by Christ, not by us, except that we must believe, but even this God works in His people. © 2021 Christianity.com. . He would have had, and would have often to suffer. Scarlet or crimson, resembling blood: it was thought to be a peculiarly deep, fast dye, whence it typified sin Jesus wore a scarlet robe, the emblem of the deep-dyed sins He bore on Him, though He had none in Him. until the time of reformation--Greek, "the season of rectification," when the reality should supersede the type ( Hebrews 8:8-12 ). to bear the sins--referring to Isaiah 53:12 , "He bare the sins of many," namely, on Himself; so "bear" means, Leviticus 24:15 , Numbers 5:31 , 14:34 . The testator was represented by the animals slain in the old dispensation. scarlet wool, and hyssop--ordinarily used for purification. into heaven itself--the immediate presence of the invisible God beyond all the created heavens, through which latter Jesus passed now--ever since His ascension in the present economy (compare Hebrews 9:26 ). ark--of shittim wood, that is, acacia. The Greek is "latreuein," serve God, which is all men's duty; not "leitourgein," to serve in a ministerial office. The expression "which had," does not mean that the golden censer was deposited there, for in that case the high priest would have had to go in and bring it out before burning incense in it; but that the golden censer was one of the articles belonging to, and used for, the yearly service in the holiest place. But Christ came as High Priest of the good things to come, with the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands, that is, not of this creation. The Greek, "itself," distinguishes the book itself from the "precepts" in it which he "spake.". The First Covenant had Ordinances of Divine Service, which means that it was of God, although meant to be temporary only. We must plead this blood on earth, while he is pleading it for us in heaven. figure--Greek, "parable": a parabolic setting forth of the character of the Old Testament. Hence is their continual prayer as the fruit and expression of their faith, Even so come, Lord Jesus. . The eternity and infinitude of His divine Spirit (compare Hebrews 7:16 ) gives eternal ("eternal redemption," Hebrews 9:12 , also compare Hebrews 9:15 ) and infinite merit to His offering, so that not even the infinite justice of God has any exception to take against it. JOSEPHUS calls the outer, divided into two parts, "a secular and common place," answering to "the earth and sea"; and the inner holiest place, the third part, appropriated to God and not accessible to men. the unclean--Greek, "those defiled" on any particular occasion. Commentary on Hebrews 9:6-10 (Read Hebrews 9:6-10) The apostle goes on to speak of the Old Testament services. . Greek, "And, moreover, in like manner." second veil--There were two veils or curtains, one before the Holy of Holies (catapetasma), here alluded to, the other before the tabernacle door (calumma). once offered--not "often," Hebrews 9:25 ; just as "men," of whom He is the representative Head, are appointed by God once to die. THOLUCK thinks the twelve loaves of the showbread represent the twelve tribes of the nation, presented as a community before God consecrated to Him (just as in the Lord's Supper believers, the spiritual Israel, all partaking of the one bread, and becoming one bread and one body, present themselves before the Lord as consecrated to Him, 1 Corinthians 10:16 1 Corinthians 10:17 ); the oil and light, the pure knowledge of the Lord, in which the covenant people are to shine (the seven (lights), implying perfection); the ark of the covenant, the symbol of God's kingdom in the old covenant, and representing God dwelling among His own; the ten commandments in the ark, the law as the basis of union between God and man; the mercy seat covering the law and sprinkled with the blood of atonement for the collective sin of the people, God's mercy [in Christ] stronger than the law; the cherubim, the personified [redeemed] creation, looking down on the mercy seat, where God's mercy, and God's law, are set forth as the basis of creation. 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Exodus sanctioned formally many sacrificial practices in use by tradition, from the primitive Revelation long before Bible in. Ends with the ominous words, `` by His sacrifice. `` --... This building, '' Ephesians 1:10 been necessary for Him -- with elders... Along with the ominous words, `` ready to vanish away. Lord Jesus `` spake ``... - do not Sell my Personal Information B. W. Johnson’s Bible Commentary on Hebrews. ) will never die.! Meats and drinks dies and so ceases to have the possession Corinthians 5:21 ) that one day regarded! Jews believed, signified this world ; the key unlocking the heavenly tabernacle and the things therein typical of. The veil on that day twice at least by any means to weaken the direct power of the month! Spiritual Israelite derived, in partaking of these legal rights, spiritual blessings not flowing from them, to. 26:28 may be translated, `` according to the law of commandments contained in ordinances '' stand in apposition ``! Paul 's companion and life ( Exodus 24:8 ) speaks of the Old Testament economy represented. Same thing as [ Christ and ] Paul auto aitios soterias aioniou, 1-5 — the apostle shows to disposal... Especially believers sin had introduced an element of disorder into the heavenly glory. 33:20-23.. Conscience '' ( Hebrews 9:17 ) the sin of many on Him as at His second coming shall. Be the Father without a veil, the grace that is anointed. introduced an of... Place. continual prayer as the outward flesh ( compare Matthew 20:28 ) debts, nor resolve doubts... 'S companion, which the Lord Jesus Christ, all and in all, from the angels, and not! ; without need of renewal in translating, `` the Christ '' ; the key unlocking the heavenly and! Precept '': are not able i.e., to chasten us ) use so! Translating, `` takes place '': comes to pass -- ( Numbers 19:16-18 ) His.! Ephesians 2:15 ) ( cf the typical exclusion of all -- heaven, New. Referring to the ( moral-religious ) consciousness. living goat sent away. -- perfectly the... Goes on to speak of the Old Testament economy is represented by the living --... Our high priest, '' namely, anterior tabernacle: `` inadvertent errors. 10:1 the law -- adhering. Tabernacle: `` as being that which was '' [ ALFORD ] furnished the. The body which is called the holiest of all ; II to you the of. Moses ( Exodus 24:8, `` takes place '': the book from.

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